Hyperpigmentation is a darkening of the skin compared to its normal color. The origin of color change is highly varied. The causes can range from the benign e.g. a freckle - a reaction to medication (e.g. minocycline) to a systemic disease such as Addison's, to a potentially life threatening condition like Melanoma. In general, hyperpigmentation of unknown origin should be evaluated by a dermatologist before any treatment is undertaken.

Where to begin depends on the specific condition, its extent and/or severity, and the desired level of aggressiveness.